Ancient Echoes: Malta’s Prehistoric Wonders

Malta may be small, but it holds some of the oldest freestanding structures in the world—temples older than Stonehenge and the Pyramids of Giza. Scattered across the islands, these UNESCO-listed prehistoric sites reveal a mysterious civilization that flourished here over 5,000 years ago. Visiting them feels like stepping into another era, where history and myth intertwine.

Half-Day from Valletta

For a deeper look—literally—into Malta’s ancient past, head to the nearby town of Paola. Here you’ll find two of the most fascinating prehistoric sites on the island.

Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum

The Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum is a subterranean necropolis dating back to approximately 4000 BCE, which predates the pyramids of Egypt and Stonehenge. This three-level complex was used as both a sanctuary and a burial site. It is made entirely of carved limestone, with chambers, passageways, and intricate red ochre wall paintings still visible today. The acoustics in the central chamber are eerie, and the air feels heavy with history. 

For preservation efforts, entry is strictly limited to 10 people per tour. There are just a few time slots per day, so booking well in advance is required. Tickets cost 35 euros. Tours last about 40 minutes, including an informative video at the start and a guided into the underground chambers. It is recommended to wear appropriate footwear for uneven ground. There is no photography allowed due to the sensitive nature of the structures.. 

The Hypogeum is one of the most unique archaeological experiences you can have anywhere in the world. The wannabe archaeologist in me loved every second of this experience. While the Hypogeum is unique, it is not the best preserved nor the oldest prehistoric site on the island!

Getting there

From the Valletta bus terminal, take bus 82A or 82B towards Birzebbuga. Exit the bus at the stop called Ipogew. Backtrack to the first left turn, then the first right turn. It takes about 15-20 minutes.

Tarxien Temples

A short 10-minute walk from the Hypogeum are the Tarxien Temples. A complex of four megalithic structures built between 3600 and 2500 BCE. While not underground like the Hypogeum, the Tarxien site offers equally impressive insight into Malta’s prehistoric culture. You’ll find detailed carvings of animals, spirals, and religious motifs, as well as large upright stones that once formed part of ceremonial spaces. Walking through the ruins, it’s hard not to feel a sense of awe for the people who created them with rudimentary tools and remarkable vision. This site was built in the late Neolithic and then readapted for use during the Early Bronze Age. Tickets are 7 euros, which does not include a guide, but there are QR codes scattered for audio information.

Together, the Hypogeum and Tarxien Temples offer a glimpse into an ancient civilization that left behind sacred spaces, advanced engineering, and mysterious spiritual beliefs—all preserved in Malta’s limestone. 

Other Prehistoric Complexes that can be included in a combo ticket with Tarxien. The combo ticket is valid for 30 days and costs 16 euros. Purchasing the combo ticket is definitely worth it if you plan to visit any of the other prehistoric sites listed below.

Getting there

It is a less than 10-minute walk from the Hypogeum to Tarxien, so I recommend you visit both on the same day! But if you are coming from Valletta, take the same bus (82A or B) and exit at the stop Neolitici.

Full Day from Valletta

Ħaġar Qim and Mnajdra Archaeological Park

Located on the southern coast of Malta, Ħaġar Qim and Mnajdra are two of the island’s most impressive and well-preserved megalithic temple complexes. These UNESCO World Heritage Sites date back over 5,000 years and are set against a dramatic backdrop of cliffs and open sea. Ħaġar Qim, situated slightly uphill, consists of large limestone blocks that form semi-circular chambers, altars, and doorways — many still standing despite their incredible age. Just a short walk downhill through a nature path leads to Mnajdra, which features a more complex, triple-temple structure aligned with the solstices and equinoxes. Interpretive signs along the trail and a small visitor center provide helpful context. The site is peaceful and atmospheric, especially in the early morning or late afternoon light.

Getting there

From Valletta, take bus 74, which is the fastest option at 40 minutes. Exit at the stop named Hagar, then walk 5 minutes to the visitor centre.

These two sights could be combined with a visit to the Dingli Cliffs. If you are feeling adventurous and prepared for a walk (with good footwear, water and snacks), you could bus to Ħaġar Qim and Mnajdra Archaeological Park, then hike/walk to the Dingli Cliff area – about 10 km, then take bus 52 back to Valletta (about 1 hour).

Għar Dalam

Għar Dalam, meaning “Cave of Darkness,” is one of Malta’s oldest prehistoric sites and offers a fascinating glimpse into the island’s distant past — both human and animal. This natural cave served as a shelter for the earliest known human settlers in Malta, dating back around 7,400 years. However, it’s the fossilized remains of extinct animals found in its deeper layers that make the site truly unique. The bones of dwarf elephants, hippopotamuses, and giant swans reveal a time when Malta was connected to mainland Europe. Visitors can walk into the first part of the cave and explore the small museum, which houses many of the bones and artifacts uncovered here. It’s a short but informative stop that paints a broader picture of Malta’s prehistoric ecology.

Getting there

From the Valletta bus terminal, take bus 82A or 82B towards Birzebbuga. Exit the bus at the stop called Dalam. Alternatively, take bus 85 to Marsaxlokk, then walk 2.4 km to the cave.

Borġ in-Nadur

Overlooking the scenic bay of Marsaxlokk, Borġ in-Nadur is a less-visited but equally intriguing Bronze Age site. Unlike the older megalithic temples, Borġ in-Nadur dates to around 1500 BCE and showcases the transition from temple-building to fortified settlements. The remains here include stone foundations, a defensive wall, and structures that may have been homes or communal spaces. Its strategic position on a ridge offers expansive views over the coast, which likely served both practical and symbolic purposes. While the site lacks the grandeur of Ħaġar Qim or Mnajdra, it adds an important chapter to Malta’s archaeological timeline — especially when combined with nearby sites like Għar Dalam or the Tarxien Temples.

Getting there

Borg on-Nadur is less than a kilometre from Ghar Dalam cave (~15 min walk). My suggestion, if you are up for walking, is to visit Ghar Dalam, walk to Borg in Nadur, walk to Marsaxlokk town for lunch, then hike up to St. Peter’s Pool.

On Gozo

Ġgantija Temples

Also older than the Pyramids of Giza and Stonehenge, these structures date back to 3600-3200 BC. UNESCO World Heritage Site is a masterpiece of prehistoric architecture, built from massive limestone blocks that weigh several tons each. The name Ġgantija means “giant’s tower,” stemming from local legend that giants constructed the temples. Walking through the ruins, visitors can see the well-preserved apses, altars, and hints of ritual spaces.

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Final Thoughts

The temples of Malta are older than Stonehenge and the pyramids — and yet, not enough travellers make time for them. If you love ancient history, add these sites to your Malta itinerary. They’re a window into a world we still barely understand — and that’s what makes them unforgettable.

Would you visit a site older than the pyramids? Comment “YES” if these megaliths just made your bucket list.

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